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ORIGIN of the
ARABIC NUMERALS
            

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C O N T E N T S

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1    THE STORY OF NATURAL NUMBERS

      Numeric and Literary Scripts                                                                           

      The Egg and the Golf Ball

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2    THE STORY OF TRADE

      The Palmyrene Empire

      The Trade of Northern Arabia

      Global Free Trade

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3    MYSTERIES OF THE ALPHABETS

      The Abjad of Canaan

      Imru-ul Qais

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4    THE THREE MEN FROM BULAN

      Hadiths and Numbers 

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5    THE LANGUAGE OF THE MARKETPLACE

      Dactylonomy

      Al-Hisab al-Hawa’i

      The Fastest and the Strongest                                                                         

      Changes and Variations                                                                                    

      The Numeric Dawn                                                                                          

      Mix and Match

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6    THE “THINGS”

      A Primeval Need for the “Things”                                                                   

      The Universal Language

                                                       

7    SCRIPTS OF THE NILE

      Purity in Isolation

      The Symbols of the Sinai                                                                                   

      Strokes and Signs

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8    THE STORY OF WRITING

      Miniaturisation of the “Things”                                                                      

      Mining for the “Things”

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9    THE ANCIENT ARABIAN NUMERALS

      History in Rhyme

      History in Stone

      Numeral Shapes in Arabic Inscriptions         

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10   THE ORIGIN OF THE “THINGS”

       The Quinary System                                                                                          

       The Biquinary System  

                                                                      

11   THE CYPHER SYSTEM

        Middle Eastern Numeral Systems                                                                 

       The Old South Arabian System

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12   THE NUMERAL MANSIONS

       The Book of Numbers

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13   SCRIPT ORIENTATION

       Invoking the History of Tippu Sultan

       The “Indian” Connection

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14   NUMERIC REFLECTIONS

       The Anon of Civilisation

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15   THE CYPHERING OF EUROPE

       Sicily

       Institutionalisation of the Arabic System

       A Guest at the Court

       Business and Numbers

       Interest Rates and Mathematics

       History without Hamlet

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16   DIFFUSION OF THE MARKEPLACE

       Zephirum

       Standardisation

       Literas Claros

       Right, Left

       Andalusian Scripts

       Ghobar

       Users and Inventors      

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17  THE FRAGRANT LAND OF BENARES

       Borrowed from the Arabians

       The Mysterious Zij of Baghdad

       Concordance of the Asiatic Society

       Emmental and Orientalism

       Arqam Hindiya

       Colonial Politics, Orientalist Discourse

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